America – the only country in the world where you are legally allowed to own a firearm. Our constitution has given you the absolute right to legally carry a weapon in all 50 states.
However – you must be aware that gun laws within the U.S. are very different between the states. Each state has the right to enact legislation that varies from the Federal law of the U.S. Constitution. Because of these state rights, there are wide variations to how each state views its gun laws, with each state taking a different approach to conceal carry, self-defense, and permit laws.
Some states can be more restrictive than others, and in most cases, it’s up to local law enforcement about how they will enforce either the federal or local laws. Be warned though – the Supreme Court has ruled in Printz v United States that local municipalities are NOT obligated to enforce federal firearms laws, it’s up to their discretion.
As you’ll see below – there are a variety of states which do not overtly protect your rights to carry a firearm. However, there are 40 states which strict provisions that protect your right to bear and own firearms, which is nearly the same as the U.S. constitution.
Firearm Carry Laws
Fundamentally, there are only 2 options for carrying a firearm in the U.S. and below we’ll go more into detail about these types, but for now, here are the basics:
Open Carry
Concealed Carry
Open Carry – This is a description for carrying a firearm that is visible to everyone in sight – like a gun in a holster not concealed by a shirt.
Concealed Carry – This describes a firearm that is NOT visible to those within a certain distance. The firearm is hidden from sight.
Now, each individual state determines how they’ll issue permits, or if a permit will need to be required for concealing or open carry. Because of the U.S. constitution, all states should allow some form of carrying, but this is dependent on the discretion of the state. For instance, New York does not allow for open carry even if you own a CCW permit and are legally trained with a firearm.
We deem these states with a “May Issue” designation.
Open Carry
Open carry is a designation where you’re allowed to carry a weapon in full visibility. Basically if a state has an open carry policy you’re allowed to carry the weapon without a permit required.
But you need to be fully aware of the laws because there are certain states with strict designations about when and where you’re allowed to openly carry. For instance, in Wisconsin you can open carry a long rifle with only a hunter safety course, but cannot openly carry a handgun.
California though will not allow for open carry under any circumstance, except for law enforcement.
Carry In Vehicle
There are 3 different issue policies or groupings for concealed carry. There was previously a designation called “No Issue” which was struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court for being unconstitutional. The 3 main categories include:
Unrestricted – This indicates you are unrequired to have a permit for carrying a firearm. This has also been designated as “Constitutional Carry”
Shall Issue – You’re required to have a permit if you wish to carry a firearm. You will only need to meet minimum requirements like background check, age, or training. These requirements are set by the state.
May Issue – This is a designation for a state with very restrictive laws for getting a permit. To conceal carry within this state a permit is required, but we’ve gone ahead and indicated the various laws and complications you’ll experience trying to get one. States like California, New York, and Hawaii are an example of states with restrictive laws requiring a thorough application on why you require a gun permit.
“May Issue” states are beginning to be struck down by the U.S. Supreme Court because of unlawful discrimination towards citizens, but you must still be aware of these rules and laws to avoid any unnecessary fines or jail time.
Firearm Registration
Firearm registration means that you as a citizen who lawfully owns a weapon are required by your state government to “officially” register your weapon. AKA you’ve got to associate your name with the ID marker tied to your gun, and this data is kept with the government.
Now, I but “officially” within quotation because even though most states do NOT require gun registration, they’ll still track your weapon purchase by collecting sales data via your credit card.
This is a highly controversial topic within the United States and it’s a law currently being discussed by the Supreme Court for release within the next 2 years.
Within 4 states there is a requirement for you to register your gun with the state police department.
The states are:
California, Hawaii, Maryland, New York, and the District of Columbia.
States with Gun Registries
These States Have Official Gun Registries
California – The California registry is regularly kept updated by the CDoJ or California Department of Justice. The information required includes full name, address, fingerprints and serial number of the weapon. However, if you’ve owned the weapon before 1991 you will not need to register it.
District of Columbia – Here you’re required to register the serial number along with your name and address to the D.C. Police.
Hawaii – Same as California for information required except you the data base is maintained by the state, but Hawaii additionally requires a 5 day waiting period from purchase of the firearm before bringing home.
Maryland – this state only requires you to register an automatic weapon or handgun to the local police department.
New York – You’re required to register a handgun only which ties the seriel number and your name and address together. If you possess a handgun without it registered you’ll be subject to expensive fines. Please know there is a $3 fee associated with registering the weapon.
States That Collect Data on Gun Sales
Michigan – Handgun sales must be reported to your local police station.
New Jersey – You must provide a copy of the purchase permits to the New Jersey police. They will maintain the record of transfer or purchase.
Washington -All licensed dealers are required to deliver a report of handgun sales to the local police.
Stand Your Ground Laws
Castle Doctrine – or more commonly “Stand Your Ground” laws allow for individual citizens to defend themselves and their property with deadly force. Stand Your Ground laws specifically indicate you have no duty to retreat if in danger, and this law has been enacted within 27 states.
You must know there are variations between the states about what constitutes a stand your ground case. One example is they’ll look into the possibility of using non-lethal force before the use of deadly force. Here are high-level conditions for Stand Your Ground:
An attempt to unlawfully enter an occupied residence or vehicle.
There must be reasonable suspicion by the occupants of a house that the intruder will cause bodily harm or death to the person.
The intruder cannot have been lawfully allowed to enter, or been provoked by the occupants.
You cannot classify law enforcement as intruders or leverage stand your ground laws against police. This includes forced entry for on-premise arrests.
Duty to Retreat
The opposite of Stand Your Ground is called Duty to Retreat where you’re legally required to first retreat if you’re attacked. You can only use deadly force if there’s no option for retreat or you would be put in further danger by retreating.
State Gun Laws in The USA
Alabama
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Without a permit necessary. So long as you’re 18 years of age and federally legal to own a firearm, you can open carry within Alabama.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – However there’s a stipulation. To carry a loaded weapon you must have an APP (Alabama pistol permit). If you don’t have this permit your handgun must be unloaded and stored in a travel container away from reach for anyone in the vehicle. [Law: Ala. Code 13A-11-73(b)]
Carry In State Park?
Yes – With an Alabama Pistol Permit or CCW permit from reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – With an Alabama Pistol Permit or CCW permit from reciprocal state.
Constitutional Carry?
No – However Alabama did pass HB 272 which will make it a constitutional carry state on Jan 1, 2023
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – There’s no clear indication of this in their code.
Must Notify Officer?
No – You are not required to inform an officer of carrying a firearm in your vehicle when pulled over.
Alaska
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Any individual who is legally allowed to own a firearm in the state of Alaska is allowed to open carry. The state law mentions that the minimum age for open carry is 16, however this is in conflict with the federal law of 18 for possession of a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – you’re allowed to transport or carry your firearm within the state. The firearm can be loaded and carried concealed within your vehicle so long as the individual is 21 or older.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – you’re allowed to carry within the state parks. Make sure to check each individual state park for specific information.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – there’s mention that an individual is allowed to carry a firearm into an establishment that serves food and alcohol, but you CANNOT be under the influence in anyway. There’s also mention that residents cannot carry into establishments which only sell alcohol (bars).
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Alaska is considered a constitutional carry state because it does not require a permit for open carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – building owners have the right to not permit concealed carry within their premises as long as they have a sign stating the case. You’re obligated to follow those signs and can be convicted of a misdemeanor if caught.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – The duty to inform law is enacted in Alaska. You must inform an officer of your concealed carry when interacting with them on official business.
Arizona
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Arizona is a permit-less carry state. Any individual at least 18 years old and who can legally own a firearm is allowed to open carry.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – There are 2 rules to follow here. If you’re over the age of 21 you can concealed carry a firearm in your vehicle. If you’re under the age of 21 you must have your firearm viewable for anyone outside the vehicle.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – you can conceal carry in state and national parks, however you cannot carry your firearm into any public state buildings on the park grounds.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – There’s conflicting guidance on this topic for residents. One law ARS 4-229(A) mentions that no CCW permit is needed to conceal carry in an establishment that serves alcohol. However, a different law 4-244(29) mentions that concealed carry is permitted so long as the building doesn’t have a no weapons sign and you do not consume alcohol. In this scenario, it’s best to be very cautious and go with the later law for greater protection. You shouldn’t be drinking and carrying your firearm anyways.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – As of 2010 Arizona is a constitutional carry state which allows any person of legal age (18 years old) to open carry a firearm without a permit or license. You must be at least 21 years old to conceal carry a firearm without a permit.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – No weapons signs have the right of law. Meaning if you’re caught carrying a weapon into a public building, or public event, you can be asked to remove your weapon and you can be convicted of a weapons misconduct misdemeanor.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes/No – Technically there’s no duty to inform law present in the code, however there is mention that if an officer asks you must notify the officer you’re carrying a firearm.
Arkansas
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – as long as you’re at least 18 years old and can legally own a firearm (on the federal level) AND you don’t demonstrate unlawful intent. There’s language in the AR code that just carrying doesn’t demonstrate unlawful intent.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – you’re allowed to carry your weapon openly or concealed in your vehicle (regardless of CCW status) as long as you don’t demonstrate unlawful intent.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – however you’re not allowed to carry in public buildings on state park lands.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – There’s a dual meaning to this law. You’re allowed to carry into a restaurant that serves food and alcohol if you have a CCW permit. However, you cannot carry into bars that only serve alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Arkansas is a constitutional carry state. This means you can openly carry a firearm if you’re over 18 and legally allowed to own one.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – if there is a sign in place stating that carrying a firearm is prohibited, then you must respect that sign.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes/No – If you’re enacting permit-less carry then you don’t have to announce you’re carrying a firearm. However, if you have a concealed carry permit (the CHCL in Arkansas) then you have to respect the duty to inform law which states that you must inform an officer of their firearm when asked. You must also present your CHCL upon being asked also.
California
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes/No – California residents are only allowed to open carry under 2 conditions. First, the individual must have a CCWL (California Concealed Weapons License). You can also only carry in a county with a population under 200,000 people. If either of these criteria are not fulfilled then California prohibits people from openly carrying a firearm (loaded or unloaded) on them.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Individuals are allowed to carry in a vehicle if they have a CCWL. If you do not have a CCWL then California requires your firearm to be unloaded and in a locked container in a compartment other then your glove compartment. For example, your trunk would count as a different compartment you could put your firearm in. For reference, California defines a locked container as a holding container with some form of a locking device on the container.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Individuals may carry within state or national parks provided they have a CCWL that is valid in the county where the park is located.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – Technically there’s no code stating the legality of concealed carrying a firearm (so long as you have the appropriate CCWL) in a bar or restaurant. Yet, when you get a CCWL you have to agree not to carry your firearm into any location where they primarily sell alcohol. It’s better to error on the side of caution, which is our recommendation.
Constitutional Carry?
No – California does not recognize constitutional carry for their residents.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We couldn’t find any code referencing the enforcement of a no weapon sign for buildings.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes/No – There’s no indication of a duty to inform on the state level. Although some counties do have specific requirements to notify which is discussed when getting the county specific CCWL
Colorado
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Currently there is no specific code indicating that the open carrying of a firearm is illegal. If you’re a resident of Colorado, over the age of 18, and federally allowed to own or possess a firearm then you can open carry. However, it’s important to note that specific counties (like Denver county) are allowed to prohibit the open carrying of a firearm. You will know if these areas don’t allow open carry by the signs posted on the buildings within the county.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Colorado doesn’t require you to have a permit to carry your firearm within your vehicle during travel.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Colorado allows for concealed carry within state and national parks so long as the individual has a Colorado concealed carry permit or another concealed carry permit issued by a state that Colorado has a reciprocal relationship with.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – If you possess a Colorado concealed carry permit, or one that Colorado has a reciprocal relationship with, you may concealed carry within a restaurant or an establishment that serves alcohol so long as you are not intoxicated.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Colorado is not a constitutional carry state. In fact, when a constitutional carry law was drafted and put up for vote in 2022 it was struck down 8-5 by the Colorado court.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – currently there’s no code indicating a no weapons sign is enforceable by law.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes/No – There’s technically no specific law requiring you to inform an officer you’re carrying a firearm. However, the code (18-12-204(2)(a) does make mention that a permit holder must carry the permit, along with a valid photo ID at all times while carrying a firearm and that the individual must be able to produce these documents upon demand by the law enforcement officer. If you fail to produce this document it can result in a class 1 misdemeanor. See below for more specifics.
Connecticut
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Connecticut allows for open carrying of a firearm (including a handgun) so long as you have the Connecticut pistol permit.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – So long as you have a Connecticut pistol permit you may carry your firearm in your vehicle (loaded or unloaded and/or openly or concealed). If you do not have the state permit then you must carry your firearm unloaded in a carrying container with the ammunition in a separate container. There’s also mention of a requirement to lock your handgun into a locked safe, glove box, or trunk if you leave your handgun unattended.
Carry In State Park?
Yes/No – There are some sections of the Appalachian Trail within Connecticut which allows for an individual to conceal or open carry so long as you have a valid Connecticut pistol permit because it’s a national park.
However, within Connecticut code there are two specific references to carrying a firearm within a state park. In the code 23-4-1 there’s specific language that states carrying of firearms, archery equipment, or other weapons are not permitted in any state park unless authorized by the Department of Environmental Protection (of Connecticut). There’s also an opinion by the Attorney General (in 2010) of Connecticut where they stated that carrying a firearm was allowed so long as that person had the correct permits and was hunting appropriate game at the correct designated time.
Connecticut seems to be strict in regards to firearms being allowed within state parks so it’s best to error on the side of caution and not carry.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – From our research there’s no code that specifically prohibits a person from concealed carrying a firearm (so long as you have the Connecticut pistol permit) in an establishment that serves alcohol. This is true unless the establishment specifically prohibits firearms. Read below for more info.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Connecticut does not recognize constitutional carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Connecticut code maintains that nobody is allowed to carry a firearm if a building or premises explicitly prohibits firearms from entering the building (through a posted sign). There’s language that breaking this law results in a felony.
Must Notify Officer?
No – There’s no specific language around the duty to inform an LEO upon interaction. However, there is clear language that you must carry your permit and a valid photo ID on your person at all times when carrying a pistol or revolver. You must present your permit and ID upon request by a law enforcement officer if they observe you and suspect you of a crime.
Delaware
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Delaware allows for individuals at least 21 years old to openly carry a firearm (including a handgun) without a license or permit so long as that individual is a resident of Delaware and legally allowed to possess a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Individuals are allowed to transport a firearm (either concealed or openly) so long as they have a CDWL (concealed deadly weapon license) or a reciprocal permit from another state that Delaware recognizes. If an individual does not have the correct permit then the firearm must be transported within plain sight and cannot be concealed (like in a trunk, glove box, or center console).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Individuals are allowed to concealed carry within a state park so long as they have a CDWL or a reciprocal permit from a state Delaware recognizes.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – we were not able to find any code indicating the illegality of concealed carrying a handgun in a restaurant or bar given the presumption that you have a CDWL and are not under the influence.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Delaware does not recognize constitutional carry for its residents.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find any requirements stating that no weapon signs have the right of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Delaware is not a duty to inform state. However, there is mention that if asked by an officer you must provide a truthful answer to carrying a firearm and produce the appropriate permit along with a valid photo ID.
Florida
Open Carry Permitted?
No – Florida is a little unclear about this, but the main opinion is no. There is language where a person with a concealed carry permit may briefly display openly except if you’re brandishing with intent to harm. You can also open carry if hunting but there’s a specific set of circumstances for that.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – If an individual possess a Florida CWL (concealed weapons license) or a reciprocal CCW from another state Florida recognizes, then that individual may travel with their firearm concealed on their person or in the vehicle. If you do not have an appropriate permit then the firearm must be stowed away in a secure enclosing (recommend to keep it in a gun case within a glove box or trunk).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – with the Florida CWL or a permit from another recognized state. It should also be noted that Florida allows for open carry so long as the individual is engaged in hunting, camping, or fishing.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – Florida does allow for individuals to conceal carry in a restaurant, given the appropriate permit and there’s no signage indicating no firearms allowed. However, it does not allow for concealed carry within establishments that serve only alcohol or the bar section of a restaurant.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Florida is not recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes/No – We could not find language stating that no weapons signs have the official rule of law behind it. However, within Florida code there is language stating that carrying a weapon into an establishment with a “No Weapons” sign could be prosecuted as an “armed trespassing” felony.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Technically there is no duty to inform law within Florida. However, as a CWL holder you must carry appropriate permits and ID’s and produce them upon being asked by an officer.
Georgia
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Georgia permits open carry if the individual has a Georgia WCL (weapons carry license) or a recognized permit from a reciprocal state. It’s important to note that the bill SB 319 (which turned Georgia into a Constitutional Carry state) does not mention open carry.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Individuals may openly or concealed carry a firearm without a permit in their vehicle, so long as you’re federally allowed to possess a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Concealed carry is allowed within the various state and national parks/forests/wildlife areas so long as you have the appropriate permits.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any language that prevented individuals from carrying a firearm into restaurants or bars so long as you have a Georgia WCL or a permit issued from a reciprocal state.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – On April 12th, 2022 Georgia become a constitutional carry state after Brian Kemp signed into law SB 319.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find any code mentioning the enforcement of “No Weapons” signage.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Georgia does not have a duty to inform law within its code. However, you must provide appropriate permits and ID’s if concealed carrying and asked by an officer.
Hawaii
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Technically you’re allowed to open carry in Hawaii if you have the license to carry. However, good luck getting that.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Again, technically you’re allowed to carry your firearm in your vehicle if you have the appropriate license. However, only a handful of people have been able to get the appropriate permits. Hawaii tries its best to limit people from carrying a firearm (loaded or unloaded) on its roads.
Carry In State Park?
No – Hawaii does not allow for weapons in state or national parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We weren’t able to find any legislation preventing an individual from concealed or openly carrying a firearm into a restaurant so long as they have the appropriate permit.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Hawaii does not recognize constitutional carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – No weapons signs have strict enforcement on the islands of Hawaii.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Hawaii is a “duty to inform” state which requires individuals to reveal if you’re carrying a firearm on you.
Idaho
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Idaho allows for individual (resident or non resident) to openly carry firearm, including a handgun, if they’re over the age of 18 and legally allowed to posses and use a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Idaho allows for individuals to carry firearms in their vehicle (either concealed or openly).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Individuals are allow to carry firearms in state parks, national parks, and wildlife areas.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find legislation prohibiting of carrying into restaurants or establishments that sell alcohol. However, there is specific language that you cannot be under the influence of drugs or alcohol and carry a firearm.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Idaho is recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find language that states no weapons signs have the rule of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Individuals are not required to inform law enforcement officers if you’re concealed carrying.
Illinois
Open Carry Permitted?
No – Illinois does not allow for openly carrying firearms with or without a permit.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Illinois does allow for individuals with an Illinois Concealed Carry License (CCL) to carry a firearm (loaded or unloaded) in your vehicle. If you’re a non-resident, you may transport your firearm if you have a CCW from a recognized state that Illinois has reciprocity with. There is also language which allows for non-residents, who reside in a state that doesn’t require licenses to open or conceal carry, to transport firearms so long as they are legally allowed to posses firearms and are allowed in their home state to carry a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Illinois allows for concealed carry within state and national parks so long as you have the Illinois CCL. However, there are specific buildings and locations where you are not allowed to conceal carry.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – We found language which states that you’re allowed to carry a firearm within a restaurant that doesn’t serve alcohol. In the Illinois code it specifically states that individuals are not allowed to conceal carry in any establishment that has sales of 50% or more from alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Illinois is not recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – No weapons signs have the rule of law behind them. The sign must be clear and posted at the entrance, unless it’s a private residence. If an individual violates this they can be convicted of a misdemeanor and get their license revoked.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any language requiring duty to inform. However, if a law enforcement officer asks you then you must provide a truthful answer along with the appropriate permits and ID verification.
Indiana
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Indiana allows for open carry which is further endorsed by the legislation recognizing constitutional carry.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Indiana allows for individuals to carry their firearms in their vehicle. However, to conceal carry in a vehicle you must have a CCW license. If you don’t have a license, then you can only transport your vehicle in a secure case away from accessibility and unloaded.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Individuals who posses an Indiana concealed carry license may conceal carry within a state park. However, there are two areas you cannot carry. In land leased by the U.S. Army Corps or at the Falls of Ohio State Park.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any code indicating that it’s illegal to conceal carry into a restaurant or bar, so long as you have an Indiana CCW permit.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Indiana is now recognized as a constitutional carry state as of July 1st, 2022.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find legislation that indicates “No Weapons” signs have any rule of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any law requiring duty to inform an officer. However, when approached and specifically asked you must provide your permit and a valid ID.
Iowa
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Iowa permits open carry for individuals at least 21 years old who are legally allowed to own and posses handguns after the July 1st, 2021 change of law. However, you cannot go into state owned grounds like their capital building with a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Iowa allows for individuals to conceal and open carry a firearm in their vehicle so long as they’re 21 years old and are legally allowed to own and possess a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Technically Iowa allows for individuals to carry firearms in state parks. However, there’s specific language against using firearms. For example, you cannot brandish or fire your firearm within state park grounds.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any code making it explicitly illegal to conceal carry in a restaurant or establishment that sells alcohol within Iowa.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Technically Iowa is a constitutional carry state after passing the law 724.5 which allows for permit-less carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find language which states that no weapons signs are enforced.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find language requiring residents to inform officers upon initial content (also known as duty to inform) however, as a CCW permit holder you must always carry your permit along with your valid ID.
Kansas
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Any individual 18 years or older (and is legally allowed to own a firearm) is allowed to openly carry a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Individuals are allowed to conceal carry a firearm in their vehicle, so long as they’re 21 years old and legally allowed to own a firearm. However, if you’re at least 18 you can also transport your firearm but it must be unloaded and in a secure container (if you don’t have a CCW permit).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – You’re allowed to carry in state parks within Kansas.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – You’re allowed to conceal and openly carry in restaurants under 2 conditions. First, you cannot carry if there’s a posted sign. Second, you cannot be under the influence of drugs and alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Kansas is considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find any specific language in regards to no weapons signs being enforced.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Kansas does not have a duty to inform law.
Kentucky
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Individuals in Kentucky are allowed to openly carry a firearm without a license or permit. You must be at least 18 or older while being legally allowed to own or possess a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Kentucky permits any individual over the age of 18 (and who can legally posses a firearm) to transport their firearm unloaded and within a closed storage container – including your glove compartment or center console. However, to openly or concealed carry your firearm on your person while in your vehicle, you must be at least 21 years old (and legally allowed to posses a firearm).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Kentucky allows for any individual to concealed or openly carry without a license so long as you’re over 21 (and legally able to own a firearm) within state regulated parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – Kentucky allows for the concealed carry of firearms in a restaurant so long as that establishment doesn’t generate revenue from more than 50% sales of alcohol. Individuals are not allowed to carry concealed or openly within bars.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Kentucky is considered a constitutional carry state when it became a permit-less carry state in 2019.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We weren’t able to find language around no weapon signs as having the force of law behind it. However, there are specific areas where you may not carry a firearm which are mentioned in the state code as being off-limits.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any language around duty to inform within Kentucky statutes.
Louisiana
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Louisiana allows for open carry for residents without a permit so long as they’re 18 years or older and legally allowed to own and possess a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – We had a difficult time finding specific legislation which stated the transportation of firearms in a vehicle, however we did find an opinion written by the police stating that individuals may carry a handgun in a vehicle as the vehicle is viewed as the individuals property.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Louisiana allows for concealed in state parks so long as the individual has a concealed carry permit, or one in a state that Louisiana has a reciprocal relationship with.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – Restaurants that do not sell alcohol are okay for concealed carry. However, you may not carry a firearm into any establishment that primarily sells alcohol or into the bar areas of restaurants. Additionally, any establishment with a no weapons sign must be respected.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Technically Louisiana does have some constitutional carry language after August 1st, 2022. However, this is only for those who are active duty or veterans of the military. Anyone outside these criteria do not “qualify” for constitutional carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find specific language around No Weapons signs, except for the code related to restaurants or establishments that sell alcohol.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Louisiana is a duty to inform state where you must notify the officer you’re carrying a firearm on you upon first interaction with them.
Maine
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Maine allows for open carry without permits for all individuals who are 21 years or older and are legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Maine allows individuals to concealed carry firearms in their vehicles without a permit.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Maine allows for concealed and open carry in their state parks if you have a permit from them. They do not allow for permit-less carry within the state or national parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Maine allows for individuals to conceal carry a firearm into restaurants or bars so long as you’re not under the influence of any drugs or alcohol and the establishment doesn’t have any signage preventing firearms.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Maine is considered a constitutional carry state that allows for permit-less carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – No Weapons signs have the force of law behind them. You can be found guilty of trespassing if you enter into a location that has a no weapons sign posted.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – If you’re concealed carrying without a permit then you Maine does have a duty to inform law. However, if you’re concealed carrying with a permit then you’re not required to notify the officer unless asked, where you’ll need to provide your permit and valid ID.
Maryland
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Maryland does allow for open carry so long as the individual has a Maryland WCHP.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Maryland only allows concealed carry within your vehicle so long as you have the Maryland WCHP. However, individuals may be allowed to transport firearms so long as the firearm is unloaded and in a secure storage container in a location not easily accessible from passengers. There is also specific language that handguns are to only be transported between sporting events, residences, repair shops, or a business you may own.
Carry In State Park?
No – Maryland doesn’t allow for concealed or open carry within state or national parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any specific language making the carrying of a firearm into a restaurant illegal so long as you have the WCHP, and you’re not under the influence of any drugs or alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Maryland is not recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find any language giving no weapons sign the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any duty to inform statues within the Maryland code. However, if you’re approached and specifically asked then you must provide your permit and valid ID.
Massachusetts
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Technically, Massachusetts allows for open carry based on their statutes. However, we recommend being very careful with open carrying in this state as there have been news coverage of municipalities within Massachusetts that have charged residents with menacing or other charges to revoke the permit of those who were open carrying.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Massachusetts allows for individuals to carry concealed so long as they have the LTC permit and the firearm is on your person. However, there is also language that makes it illegal to transport a firearm in a vehicle without a permit.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Massachusetts allows for concealed carry within state parks with the LTC permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any code making it illegal for residents with a LTC permit to carry within a restaurant or bar. You must not be intoxicated at all and the bar cannot have a sign posted preventing firearms.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Massachusetts is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find any specific law giving the no weapon sign the force of law behind it. However, if a location is already written into Massachusetts code as being off-limits then you must respect this.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any law requiring duty to inform within Massachusetts. If you’re approached and asked, you must provide your permit along with a valid ID though.
Michigan
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Michigan allows for open carry for residents 18 years or older and who are legally allowed to possess a firearm, so long as you’ve registered the gun with the state. If you’re a non-resident, you must have a CCW permit from your home state.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – You may concealed carry a handgun so long as you have a valid CCW permit. If you do not have a permit, you must transport your firearm unloaded in a locked case in a place not easily accessible by the passengers of the vehicle (for example, you couldn’t put it in your glove compartment).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Michigan allows for concealed carry within their state and national parks (including the forests and wildlife areas) so long as you have a permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Michigan allows for concealed carry in a restaurant that serves alcohol so long as you have a CCW permit and are under the influence of any alcohol. Michigan doesn’t allow for concealed carry in any establishment that makes more than 50% of their revenue from alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Michigan is not recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find language giving no weapons signs the force of law, except for locations explicitly defined in the statutes as off-limits.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Michigan is considered a duty to inform state. When interacting with an officer you must notify them you’re carrying (regardless of if they ask or not).
Minnesota
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Minnesota allows for open carry so long as you have a Minnesota permit, or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Minnesota allows for concealed carry within a vehicle so long as you have a Minnesota permit or a permit from a reciprocal state. If you do not have a permit then you must transport the firearm unloaded and in a closed carrying case.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Minnesota allows for carrying in state park so long as you have the Minnesota permit or one from a reciprocal state. If you don’t have a permit then Minnesota has specific rules stating you must unloaded your firearm if your within 200 feet of any public use location within the park. (i.e. trailhead, campground, beach, parking lot, etc). There are certain locations you cannot carry firearms within Minnesota parks, read below to find out.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any code making it illegal to concealed carry (with the proper permit) in a restaurant or bar unless specifically posted. However, you cannot be under the influence to carry.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Minnesota is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Technically there is language within the Minnesota code that makes it a misdemeanor if the establishment requests you do not bring in firearms, and you do so.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any specific law regarding duty to inform in Minnesota.
Mississippi
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Mississippi allows for open carry for individuals without a permit necessary. You must be 18 years or older and legally allowed to possess a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Mississippi allows for concealed carry on your person (without a permit) in a vehicle so long as you’re 18 and legally allowed to possess a handgun. You must carry the handgun in either a holster, bag, or briefcase.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Individuals can concealed and open carry in a state park so long as they’re legally allowed to possess a firearm.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – You are allowed to concealed carry in restaurants that make the majority of their revenue from food. However, you’re not allowed to concealed carry into a bar or the bar section of a restaurant.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Mississippi is considered a constitutional carry state. They allow for premit-less carry within their state for individuals who are legally allowed to own a firearm.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Mississippi allows property owners to place no weapons signs on their property and these signs have the force of law behind them.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any duty to inform law for Mississippi.
Missouri
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Missouri allows for open carry without a permit so long as you’re over the age of 19 and are legally allowed to own a firearm. However, you should know that local municipalities can restrict open carry in their counties.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Missouri allows for concealed carry within a vehicle without a permit. You can also carry the firearm in your vehicle if you’re driving on restricted areas, so long as the firearm remains in the vehicle.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Missouri allows concealed carry within their state parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Missouri allows for concealed carry in restaurants but you must have the approval of the general manager of the establishment. You cannot be intoxicated and carry also.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Missouri is considered a constitutional carry state. However, it’s important to note that individuals without a permit can commit a crime if they carry firearms into a restricted area (which is written into the Missouri code).
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We did find code mentioning legal repercussions for entering into a building that has a no weapons sign. However, there is language which states that if a person asks you to leave and you refuse is when you can be convicted of a crime.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find any duty to inform laws within Missouri code.
Montana
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Montana allows for open carry without any permit for individuals 18 years or older and who are legally allowed to possess a firearm. However, local legislation could prohibit this within their city limits so make sure to double check with the city.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Montana allows for firearms to be concealed carry within vehicles so long as you’re legally allowed to possess one.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Montana allows for concealed and open carry within state parks so long as you’re outside a city or town and are doing outdoor activities where weapons are often used for sport or protection.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – When Montana passed their constitutional carry law (HB-102) there was language which made it legal for individuals to concealed carry in restaurants or bars so long as you’re not intoxicated.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – On February 18, 2021, Montana passed a bill titled HB-102 which made Montana a constitutional carry state. This made it legal for permit-less carry except for explicitly off-limit locations like government buildings.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find any code giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any duty-to-inform laws for residents of Montana. However, if you are carrying from a different state then you must have your states permit and a valid photo ID and present it upon being asked.
Nebraska
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Nebraska does allow for permit-less open carry so long as you’re 18 or older and legally allowed to own a firearm. However, local municipalities are allowed to prevent open carry so double check your local area.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – As of August 2021, LB 236 allows for any person (without a permit) to travel with a firearm in their vehicle so long as it’s unloaded and stored in a locked case with ammunition separated from the case. You must also have the firearm out of reach from all passengers.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Nebraska allows for concealed carry within state parks so long as you have the Nebraska CCW permit, or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Nebraska allows for concealed carry within a restaurant (even if that restaurant sells alcohol) so long as you have the Nebraska CCW permit or a permit from a reciprocal state and are not under the influence of alcohol whatsoever. Nebraska prohibits concealed carry in bars.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Nebraska is not considered a constitutional carry state even though they allow for permit-less open carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Any establishment may post restrictions on carrying a firearm and individuals must follow these restrictions or can they can be convicted of criminal trespassing.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Nebraska does have a duty to inform law which requires individuals to openly admit they’re carrying a firearm on their person upon any interaction with a LEO.
Nevada
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Nevada allows for open carry without a permit so long as the individual is 18 years or older and legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Nevada allows for concealed carry within a vehicle if you have the Nevada firearm permit or a permit from a reciprocal state. If you do not have a permit, then you must carry openly or must be stored in a location away from passengers.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Nevada allows for concealed carry within state parks with the Nevada firearm permit and/or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Nevada allows for concealed carry within restaurants so long as you have the Nevada firearm permit or a permit from a reciprocal state. You must not be under the influence of alcohol while carrying.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Nevada is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find code giving no weapons signs the force of law behind them.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Nevada does not have a duty to inform law. You must present your permit and a valid photo ID on you if you’re carrying a asked by a LEO.
New Hampshire
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – New Hampshire allows for open carry for any individual 18 years or older and who’s legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – New Hampshire allows for individuals to carry in their vehicle without a permit if they’re over the age of 18 and legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – We found that concealed carry is permitted within state and national parks in New Hampshire.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were unable to find specific laws preventing concealed carrying within restaurants or bars.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – New Hampshire is considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find specific laws giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – New Hampshire is not a duty to inform state.
New Jersey
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Technically open carry is legal within New Jersey. There are no specific laws prohibiting the open carrying of a firearm so long as you have the New Jersey PCH.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – If you have a New Jersey PCH you may concealed carry in your vehicle under the following reasons: * Bringing home a new firearm from dealer * Taking firearm to a gunsmith * Going hunting.
If you do not have a PCH, then you must transport your (unloaded) firearm in a secure case, separated from ammunition. You also cannot have your handgun in a glove compartment, even if it’s in a locked case.
Carry In State Park?
No – New Jersey does not allow for concealed carrying within their state parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We could not find any code making concealed carry within restaurants or bars illegal so long as you have the PCH and you’re not under the influence at all.
Constitutional Carry?
No – New Jersey is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find any code specifically giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any duty to inform law within the New Jersey statues.
New Mexico
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – New Mexico allows for open carry without a permit or license for individuals 19 years or older and who are legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – New Mexico allows for concealed and open carry without a permit within vehicles for individuals 19 years or older and who can legally own a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – You’re allowed to concealed or open carry within State parks IF you have a New Mexico CHL or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – New Mexico allows for concealed carry within a restaurant that has over 60% of their revenue from food sales if you have a CHL or a reciprocal permit. However, you cannot carry within bars.
Constitutional Carry?
No – New Mexico is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – You may not concealed carry a firearm on any property with clear signs prohibiting such carrying.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any duty to inform law for New Mexico.
New York
Open Carry Permitted?
No – New York doesn’t allow for the open carrying of a handgun. There is legal argument that open carry isn’t directly mentioned in their statutes, but the overall assessment of the opinions by attorney generals is that open carrying of a handgun is illegal.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – New York does allow concealed carry on your person with a NYPL, so long as you’re following the code established with the NYPL. Without a license you can transport a handgun only if that gun is fully unloaded, separated from ammunition, put in a locked container, and stored away from all passengers.
Carry In State Park?
No – New York does NOT allow for concealed carry within their state parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
No – A new law was passed on July 1st, 2022 which banned any individual from carrying a firearm into a restaurant or bar that serves alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
No – New York is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find any specific code giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any specific law indicating duty to inform for individuals. However, if asked you must answer truthfully and provide a permit and valid photo ID.
North Carolina
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – North Carolina allows for open carry without a license or permit for individuals 18 or older and who are legally allowed to own a firearm. It’s important to mention though that counties within North Carolina have the right (and often do) regulate open carry within their borders. Some counties don’t allow for open carry on public areas like sidewalks, public roads, or public buildings.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – North Carolina allows for concealed carry within a vehicle if you have the North Carolina CHP. If you do not have a CHP, then you can only carry your handgun openly in your vehicle or in a locked container (which doesn’t include your glovebox) that is away from your person.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – North Carolina allows for concealed carry within their state parks if you have a North Carolina CHP. You cannot take your firearms into any visitor centers though. Any land owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers prevents firearms also.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – North Carolina allows for concealed carry within restaurants only if you have a CHP and you do not consume any alcohol whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
No – North Carolina is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – North Carolina does recognize no weapons signs as having the force of law. You are not permitted to concealed carry into any establishment with a clear sign prohibiting firearms.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – We were able to find duty to inform language within the North Carolina statues. Upon interacting with an officer you must notify them that you’re concealed carrying.
North Dakota
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – North Dakota does allow for open carry for individuals with a CWL or if you’re a resident with a license/permit from a reciprocal state. There is also language that any individual may carry unloaded firearms (including handguns).
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – North Dakota allows for concealed carry within vehicles for residents without a permit so long as they have a valid photo ID issued within the past 30 days and are allowed to own a handgun. If you’re out-of-state then you must have a permit from your home state and North Dakota must recognize it with a reciprocal relationship. Additionally, any individual may transport a firearm in their vehicle so long as it’s unloaded and stored in a container (even if you don’t have a permit).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – North Dakota allows for concealed carry without a permit for residents in their state parks. Non-residents must have a permit from a recognized state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – North Dakota allows for concealed carry within restaurants under the permit-less carry code for residents. Non-residents can concealed carry if they have a valid permit from a reciprocal state. You may not conceal carry into bar or a bar section within a restaurant.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes/No – North Dakota is the only state we list as a Yes/No for constitutional carry. North Dakota does recognize that RESIDENTS (with a valid ID) are allowed to concealed carry without a permit. They have some language making it seem very similar to other constitutional carry states, but then other language with restrictions.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find specific code giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes/No – If you’re a resident with a ND concealed carry permit you do not need to inform a LEO you’re concealed carry upon interaction.
However, there is a duty to inform law for individuals who are permit-less concealed carrying where you must inform a LEO upon first interaction. This includes non-residents with a permit from another state.
Ohio
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Ohio allows for open carry within their state for any individual 18 years or older who’s legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Ohio allows for individuals concealed carry a firearm without an Ohio CHL, except for protected zones.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Ohio allows for concealed carry within state parks so long as you have an Ohio CHL. You may not enter buildings with your firearm on your person, nor are you allowed to discharge a concealed firearm within the state park area.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Ohio allows for concealed carry within restaurants and bars so long as you have an Ohio CHL. However, you cannot be under the influence of drugs or alcohol whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Ohio is considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Ohio recognizes no weapons signs. The property owner has a right to prohibit individuals from entering their establishment with a firearm by posting a clear sign indicating their requests.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Ohio does require individuals to tell LEO’s that they’re concealed carrying upon first interaction.
Oklahoma
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Oklahoma allows for individuals to open carry if they have a license and are 18 years or older. Oklahoma also allows for anyone without a license to carry so long as they’re 21 years old and need to carry for legitimate reasons. These include activities like hunting, self protection, fishing, hiking, and in general activities which might require self-defense. It’s important to note that you cannot carry any .45 caliber handgun or higher.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Oklahoma allows for individuals to concealed carry without a license so long as they’re 18 years or older and can legally own a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Oklahoma allows for concealed carry within their state parks and wildlife management areas, except for public buildings or visitor centers.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Oklahoma allows for concealed carry for restaurants that do not sell alcohol. Concealed carry within bars is off limits.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Oklahoma is considered a constitutional carry state as of November 1st, 2019. Any individual who is 21 years or older and can legally own a firearm may open or concealed carry without a license given sufficient reasons.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes/No – There isn’t specific language on no weapons signs having the force of law, but there is language around property owners refusing to allow you entrance and if you refuse while carrying then you could be convicted of a misdemeanor.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were not able to find specific language indicating duty to inform. However if an officer asks you then you must provide a truthful answer.
Oregon
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes– Oregon does allow for open carry without a license for residents. It’s important to note though that local municipalities have the right to prohibit open carry for individuals without an Oregon CHL. If you plan on carrying you must double check with each specific city for verification.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Oregon allows for concealed carry within vehicles so long as you have an Oregon concealed handgun license. If you do not have the CHL then you many not concealed carry. You must store your handgun in a secured case not readily accessible.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Oregon does allow for concealed carry within their state parks as long as you have an Oregon CHL.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were not able to find any code making the concealed carrying of a firearm illegal so long as you have the Oregon CHL.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Oregon is not a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were not able to find any code giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Oregon is not a duty to inform state. However, if you’re concealed carrying then you must have your permit on you at all times along with a valid photo ID.
Pennsylvania
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Pennsylvania allows for any individual 18 years or older who are legally allowed to own a firearm to open carry without a license. Except for when traveling in a vehicle (see below) or in Philadelphia.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Pennsylvania allows for individuals to concealed carry, so long as you have the LCF permit or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Pennsylvania allows for concealed carry within state parks if you have an LCF or a reciprocal permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We were unable to find any code making it illegal to concealed carry into a restaurant or bar so long as you have the Pennsylvania LCF or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Pennsylvania is not recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were unable to find code specifically mentioning no weapons signs as having the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any specific duty to inform law within Pennsylvania code. However, if asked by an LEO you must provide a truthful answer.
Rhode Island
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Rhode Island allows for open carry for individuals with a Rhode Island LCCW. Individuals without a permit may still open carry but only at their owned property (house, business, or owned land).
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Rhode Island allows for concealed carry for individuals with any valid state CCW permit. However, you must be carrying the firearm without any intent to stay on the island. For individuals without a permit, you must have your firearm unloaded and stored in a secure traveling container where it’s not accessible from any passengers.
Carry In State Park?
No – Rhode Island does not allow for concealed carry within their parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Rhode Island allows for concealed carry within restaurants and bars so long as you have the Rhode Island LCCW (and only the LCCW) and you’re not intoxicated whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Rhode Island is not recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were unable to find any specific code mentioning the enforcement of no weapons signs.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were unable to find specific laws requiring duty to inform upon interaction with a LEO.
South Carolina
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – There was a recent change to this law. Currently the bill covering open carry (HB 3094) states that residents of South Carolina are allowed to open carry so long as they have a South Carolina CWP (concealed weapons permit). Non residents must have a CCW permit from a state that South Carolina has a reciprocal relationship with. You must be aware that local cities or towns have the right to prohibit open carrying for public events.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – South Carolina allows for concealed (or open) carry so long as you have a South Carolina CWP or a permit from a reciprocal state. If you do not have a permit then you must transport your firearm in a locked case within a closed compartment (glovebox, center console, trunk, etc).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – South Carolina allows for concealed carry within their state parks so long as you have a CWP or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – South Carolina allows for concealed carry within restaurants or bars with a CWP or a permit from a reciprocal state so long as you are not intoxicated whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
No – South Carolina is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – South Carolina recognizes no weapons signs as having the force of law behind them. If a sign is posted prohibiting concealed carry within their property, you must respect it.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – South Carolina is a duty to inform state. This requires all individuals to reveal they’re concealed carrying upon any interaction with a LEO.
South Dakota
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – South Dakota allows for open carry, without a permit, for any individual 18 years or older and who is legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – South Dakota allows for any individual 18 or older, and who is legally allowed to own a firearm, to concealed carry a handgun within their vehicle without a permit.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – South Dakota allows for concealed carry within their state and national parks without a permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – South Dakota allows for concealed carry within restaurants but not within bars nor the bar section of a restaurant.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – As of 2019, South Dakota is recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We could not find any specific code giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – South Dakota is not a duty to inform state. However, you must provide a truthful answer upon being asked by a LEO.
Tennessee
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Tennessee allows for permit-less carry as of 2021 where anyone who meets the constitutional carry requirements (see below) may open carry without a permit.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Tennessee allows for concealed carry within a vehicle so long as they’re legally allowed to carry and own a handgun within Tennessee.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Tennessee allows for concealed carry within state parks so long as they have an enhanced HCP or a permit from a reciprocal state that Tennessee recognizes.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Tennessee allows for concealed carry within restaurants or bars so long as you do not consume alcohol whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Tennessee passed a permit-less carry (both open and concealed) for anyone who passes the following conditions:
* Must be at least 21 years or older (or 18 if serving in the military) * Must be able to legally own a firearm * Must not have been convicted of stalking * Must not have been convicted of DUI 2 or more times within 10 years or 1 time within 5 years. * Must not have been hospitalized into a mental facility
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Tennessee code requires you must obey the property owners wishes of no concealed carry within their property so long as the owner displays signage clearly within the entrance of the building.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Tennessee is not a duty to inform state. However, if you’re a permit holder you must have your permit on you at all times while carrying your firearm if you’re in an area that would otherwise be off-limits for permit-less carry.
Texas
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – On September 1st, 2021, Texas passed a law which allowed for any individual at least 21 and older, who may legally possess a handgun to open carry without a permit so long as the handgun is holstered. You are not allowed to carry or display your handgun in plain view unless carried in a holster.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – As of September 1st, 2021 any individual may concealed carry within their vehicle without a license (so long as they’re legally allowed to own a firearm). However, you cannot openly carry in your vehicle unless the firearm is in a holster or you have the Texas LTC (or a permit that Texas recognizes from a reciprocal state).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Texas allows for the concealed carry of a firearm without a permit in their state parks for individuals 21 years or older and who is legally allowed to own a firearm. However, it’s important to know that certain river bed areas are off-limits.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – Texas allows for concealed or open carry within restaurants that sell less than 51% of their revenue from alcohol sales without a permit. However, it’s important to note that carrying into an establishment that makes more than 51% of their sales from alcohol is strictly prohibited and constitutes a felony. Right at the moment, only Texas LTC holders have a defense in the case of effective notice not being provided by an establishment.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – On September 1st, 2021 Texas passed a law which permitted open or concealed carrying without a permit for those individuals 21 years or older and who are legally allowed to own a handgun. However, there are certain restrictions for individuals who will not be able to carry under this law:
* If you’ve been convicted a felony you cannot possess a firearm * If you’ve been convicted of assault involving a family or household member (class A misdemeanor) * If you’ve been the subject of a protective order until the order expires * If you’ve been convicted of Deadly Conduct, Terroristic Threat, Displaying a Firearm, Discharging a Firearm
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – No Weapons signs are given the force of law. There are 4 specific signs within Texas which must be respected:
* 30.05 – this indicates locations where permit-less carry is prohibited (which is to be posted by the property owner). * 30.06 – this indicates where Texas LTC permit holders cannot conceal carry. * 30.07 – this indicates where Texas LTC permit holders cannot open carry, along with the 51% rule (see restaurant carry above). * 46.03 – this is a general indication of no firearms allowed whatsoever on the property location.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Under Texas law you do have the duty to inform a LEO upon first interaction that you’re carrying a concealed firearm. You must have your valid ID upon interacting with the officer if you’re carrying.
Utah
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Utah recognizes permit-less carry (also known as constitutional carry) as of May 5, 2021. This effectively means that any individual at least 21 or older and who may legally own a firearm, is allowed to open carry without a permit.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Utah allows for any person at least 18 or older (and who may legally own a firearm) to carry a firearm in their vehicle without a permit.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Utah allows for individuals to carry concealed (or openly) on their state parks without a permit. However, you cannot carry within any public buildings on state park land.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Utah allows for individuals to carry within restaurants or bars so long as you’re not under the influence of any alcohol.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Utah passed a bill on May 5th, 2021 which enacted permit-less carry (or constitutional carry) for any person at least 21 or older and who is legally allowed to own a firearm.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes/No – There is a bit of confusion around no weapons signs within Utah. In the Utah code there are specific areas where firearms are not permitted whatsoever. These include churches (places of worship), public buildings, etc. However, it’s not specifically written that no weapons signs have any weight behind them.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Utah does not have any duty to inform laws within their code requiring you to notify a LEO you’re carrying a firearm.
Vermont
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Vermont allows for open carry without a permit for any individual 18 years or older and who it legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Vermont allows for carry within a vehicle without a permit.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Vermont allows for concealed and open carry within state and national parks without a permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – We could not find any specific code preventing concealed or open carry in restaurants or bars. However, you cannot consume any alcohol whatsoever and carry a firearm.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – Vermont is recognized as a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Vermont gives no weapons signs the force of law. You may not enter into any building with a no weapons sign posted.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We were unable to find any specific laws requiring duty to inform.
Virginia
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Virginia allows for open carry without a permit for any individual 18 years or older and who is legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Virginia allows for concealed carry of a firearm with a permit. If you’re transporting handguns and don’t have a permit, then you must secure the handgun in a locked container which includes a glovebox, center console, or any other area where you can close the container.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Virginia allows for concealed carry within their state and national parks so long as you have a Virginia CCW permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Virginia allows for concealed carry within restaurants and bars with a valid CCW permit and you must not be intoxicated whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Virginia is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were unable to find specific language giving no weapons signs the force of law. However, you must be aware that there are specific areas within the Virginia code that prevent firearms, and if a no weapons sign is place in these areas you must respect that.
Must Notify Officer?
No – We could not find any duty to inform laws within the Virginia statutes.
Washington
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Washington allows for open carry for anyone without a license so long as they’re 21 or older and legally allowed to own a firearm. There are off limit areas which include the state capital or within 250 feet of a public demonstration.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Washington allows for concealed carrying on your person in a vehicle so long as you have the Washington CPL (concealed pistol license) or a permit from a reciprocal state. If you do not have a permit you must store your firearm in a secured container away from view and from any passengers within the vehicle.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Washington allows for concealed carry within their state and national parks so long as you have the CPL or a recognized permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Washington allows for concealed carry with a Washington CPL within restaurants if they allow individuals under 21 to enter. You may not conceal carry within bars or the bar section of restaurants.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Washington is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were unable to find specific law regarding the no weapons signs having the force of law behind them.
Must Notify Officer?
No – There is no law specifically mentioning duty to inform within the Washington statutes. However, it is important to note that you must provide a truthful answer if a LEO asks you if you’re carrying a firearm. You must also have your permit on you at all times along with a valid photo ID if you’re concealed carrying.
Washington D.C.
Open Carry Permitted?
No – Washington D.C. does not allow for open carry whatsoever.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Washington D.C. does allow for concealed carry within vehicles so long as you have a CCPL. If you do not have a permit, then you must store the firearm (unloaded) in a secure container that can lock (not your glovebox or center console) and it must be separated from ammo.
Carry In State Park?
No – Washington D.C. does not allow for firearms in their parks.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes/No – Washington D.C. does not allow for concealed carry (even with a license) on any property where alcohol is consumed or served.
Constitutional Carry?
No – D.C. is not considered a constitutional carry state.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Washington D.C. code specifically states that no weapons signs have the force of law behind them so long as they’re presented on any property clearly and on a sign at least 8 inches with 36 point font.
Must Notify Officer?
Yes – Washington D.C. is considered a duty to inform district. Upon interacting with any LEO you must notify them that you’re carrying a firearm.
West Virginia
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – West Virginia allows for open carry without a license for any person so long as the individual is 18 or older and is legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – West Virginia allows for concealed carry within a vehicle so long as they’re 21 or older and legally allowed to own a firearm. It’s also important to note that on May 24th, 2022 HB 4048 went into effect which allows for all individuals to carry long guns in their vehicles (loaded or unloaded).
Carry In State Park?
Yes – West Virginia allows for concealed carry within their state parks without a permit.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – West Virginia allows for concealed carry within restaurants and bars without a permit so long as you’re not intoxicated whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – West Virginia is considered a constitutional carry state as they allow for permit-less carry both openly or concealed.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
No – We were unable to find any specific code giving no weapons signs the force of law.
Must Notify Officer?
No – West Virginia does not have any duty to inform laws within its code. You are not required to notify LEO’s that you’re carrying upon interaction unless specifically asked.
Wisconsin
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Wisconsin allows open carry without a permit so long as the individual is 18 or older and is legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Wisconsin allows for concealed carry within a vehicle so long as you have the CWL (concealed weapons license) or a permit from a recognized state Wisconsin has reciprocity with. If you do not have a CWL, you must not concealed your handgun in anyway which means you must have the handgun above the window where it can be viewed from anyone outside the vehicle.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Wisconsin allows for carry within their state parks with a valid CWL or a permit from a reciprocal state.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Wisconsin allows for concealed carry within restaurants and bars so long as you have the CWL or a permit from a recognized state, and you must not be intoxicated whatsoever.
Constitutional Carry?
No – Wisconsin is not considered a constitutional carry state, because they require permits for concealed carry.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Wisconsin recognizes no weapons signs as having the force of law. If a property has posted and requested no firearms then you must respect their request.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Wisconsin is not a duty to inform state however you must provide a truthful answer if an LEO asks.
Wyoming
Open Carry Permitted?
Yes – Wyoming allows for permit-less open carry for any individual 18 or older and who is legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In Vehicle?
Yes – Wyoming allows for permit-less concealed carry within a vehicle so long as you’re 21 or older and legally allowed to own a firearm.
Carry In State Park?
Yes – Wyoming allows for permit-less carry within their state and national parks, however you CANNOT use those firearms unless specifically granted.
Carry In Restaurants?
Yes – Wyoming allows for permit-less concealed carry within restaurants or establishments, but you may not carry into bars or bar sections of restaurants.
Constitutional Carry?
Yes – On July 1st, 2021, Wyoming passed a constitutional carry law which allows for any individual 21 or older with a U.S. citizen who may legally own a firearm to concealed or openly carry without a permit.
No Weapon Sign Enforced?
Yes – Wyoming recognizes no weapons signs as having the force of law behind them. Any individual entering a property (or land) with a no weapons sign can be found guilty of trespassing.
Must Notify Officer?
No – Wyoming does not have a duty to inform law. However, if specifically asked you must provide a truthful answer.
